The First Implementation of Cryogenic Digital Control and Readout of Superconducting Qubits
2025-06-16 , Room "Berlin & Oslo"

We present the world's first implementation of a complete set of qubit control and readout functions using superconducting single flux quantum (SFQ) circuits. Our SFQ chips are integrated with qubit chips at the same temperature stage of a dilution refrigerator, addressing a major roadblock in scaling quantum computers to practical applications. This integration allows us to bypass the challenges of generating qubit control and readout signals at room-temperature and transmitting them to qubits over meters of coaxial cables. SEEQC implemented the X/Y, Z-controls integrated with digital routers and digital readout of transmons using energy-efficient RSFQ (ERSFQ) circuits. With an SFQ pulse-train-based X/Y control, we achieved single qubit gates with an average Clifford fidelity of 99.6%, the highest value to date with this approach. For the first time, we have implemented Z-control by generating the baseband flux bias waveforms with ERSFQ circuits. We demonstrated controllable two-qubit gates without any predistortion while eliminating the flux crosstalk across qubit chip. Finally, we implemented fast, high fidelity on-chip digital readout of transmons using the Josephson Digital Phase Detector (JDPD) integrated with an SFQ comparator. By applying flux bias, the JDPD evolves from a single- to double-well potential to discriminate between two phases of a readout GHz tone reflecting the qubit state. The JDPD output is then converted to a digital form with the SFQ comparator.


Affiliation:

SEEQC

Additional Authors with Affiliation:

SEEQC team